Aggressive Behavior In Young People Young People Essay Essay Example

Aggressive Behavior In Young People Young People Essay Essay Example Aggressive Behavior In Young People Young People Essay Essay Aggressive Behavior In Young People Young People Essay Essay The addition in violent behaviour in the American society particularly amongst adolescents has triggered research on causes of force. There has been a important addition in aberrant behaviour particularly among the immature people and this has included instances of school violent deaths, armed offenses, sexual offenses and other signifiers of condemnable behaviour. This tendency has caused concern to defenders, parents and the society in general. Research on force in immature people has pointed to the media as a major subscriber to force. Different researches have shown that kids who are exposed to force in the media at a immature age are more likely to show violent actions than those who are non exposed to it. Research has besides shown that prevailing exposure of force to kids takes topographic point through the telecasting. These researches have concluded that kids who watch the telecasting for a longer period of clip are likely to show aggressive behaviour and develop violent ten dencies later in life. However, it is of import to re-evaluate this issue and develop clear findings on the relationship between watching the telecasting and development of aggressive behaviour among kids. This can be achieved through analysing literature and research on the topic by bookmans. This paper aims at analysing the relationship between watching telecasting and development of aggressive behaviour by kids. This analysis will be done utilizing the annotated bibliography format. Three articles of a scholarly literature will be evaluated to develop accurate research findings. These articles are Television force: A reappraisal of the effects on kids of different ages by the Media Awareness Network, Violence in society by Anderson and How the Television affects your kid by Kid s Health Organization. The discussed issues will be summarized at the terminal. Statement of hypothesis The statement of hypothesis will specify the purposes of the research. The statement of hypothesis will be Do kids who watch telecasting more than three hours a twenty-four hours exhibit more aggressive behaviour than those who watch fewer than three hours a twenty-four hours? Research inquiries There will be other research inquiries which will take at understanding aggression among kids and observation of the telecasting for longer hours. One of the research inquiries will be What is the association of aggressive behaviour in kids and violent media? Another research inquiry will be What can be done to deter aggression amongst kids . Article 1: Media Awareness Network. ( 2009 ) . Television force: A reappraisal of the effects on kids of different ages. Introduction Many surveies have explained the causes of development of aggression among kids and adolescents who are exposed to force or grownup content by the media. Research workers from the Media Awareness Network assess the impacts which telecasting plans have on kids of different ages. They analyze a measure by measure influence on aggression and force amongst kids of different ages as a consequence of being exposed to the telecasting. They farther explain that kids are normally unable to hold on the content or narrative behind a film or plan, and their attending is normally captured by dramatic scenes or scenes which they are familiar with. When this happens, such kids begin copying the behaviour particularly when it is presented in an unlittered, instructional and simple mode. Literature reappraisal and findings When kids are about two old ages of age, they begin paying attending to telecasting plans. The screening form developed during this age is likely to be carried frontward to adulthood. During this phase, kids prefer watching sketchs and plans which have fast traveling characters that capture their involvement. During pre-school age, they enter the exploratory phase where they try to decode intending from content they are exposed to. In this phase, they are attracted to production characteristics which are vivid and which include rapid changing of scenes, rapid motion of characters and unexpected or intense sounds and sights ( Media Awareness Network, 2009 ) . Most instances of force in the telecasting plans are followed by production characteristics which are graphic and this means that kids pay attending and seek out violent scenes. It is of import to observe that kids are non attracted to violent Acts of the Apostless in the media but instead the vivid characteristics of production which accompany such scenes. Although telecasting content may subsequently explicate the effects and motive behind the force, kids are unable to hold on these of import facets due to their low adulthood degrees. They are likely to copy violent Acts of the Apostless and act sharply without consciousness of effects of such actions. During the simple school ages, kids have the ability to do illations and follow secret plans every bit good as understand effects and motives attached to the actions of histrions. However, their mental development is non to the full developed and it is non possible to find whether they will deeply treat the information from the telecasting or simply react in a superficial or unfocused manner. By eight old ages of age, kids will probably develop aggression if they identify themselves with violent heroes. However, if force is depicted as immorality, through penalty or doing enduring, such kids are improbable to copy it. By the clip they are about ten old ages of age, kids begin besides watching family-oriented or grownup content and may develop a similitude for films which employ force. During adolescence, kids have high abstract logical thinking and idea degrees and they use this for academic work as opposed to watching the telecasting. However, they become independent and may get down watching horror, adult or violent films every bit good as music picture. These have a negative consequence on striplings and unless they are decently guided by grownups, they may prosecute in violent or immoral Acts of the Apostless. However, merely the minor proportion which believes in the power of telecasting and identifies with violent heroes is likely to pattern violent Acts of the Apostless against their equals. This position is supported by messages which plans which have high grades of force advertise. Programs such as World Wrestling expose kids to high degrees of force and manufacturers have acknowledged the effects which this exposure may hold on them. As a consequence, such plans carry messages which warn kids and immature people non to reiterate actions they see during t he plan as the histrions are professionally trained performing artists who have practiced for many old ages. Methodology However, the writers use secondary research as opposed to primary research as a footing for developing their findings. A assortment of diaries and books are used for the research. It is of import to understand the failings and strengths of this research methodological analysis. Failings of secondary research include the possibility of doubling mistakes from paperss used and the inability to research research further through existent question of authors of the research. This arises from the fact that research workers are non physically present to reply any inquiries which may originate from their research. Advantages of this research method include the low cost and easiness of set abouting research from the cyberspace. The ability to confirm information from diverse beginnings on the Internet is besides another benefit of utilizing this method. Significance of findings The findings of this article are really utile to parents and defenders in general. The research paper helps parents and defenders to understand the idea procedure which kids and adolescents experience when they are exposed to the telecasting. This enables them have an penetration of the effects that force on the telecasting has on kids of different ages. This is of import when parents want to screen their kids from force. The article besides discusses assorted ways in which parents may protect their kids from force and these will be discussed at the terminal of the paper. Article 2: Anderson, K. ( 2008 ) . Violence in society Introduction This writer links the addition in force in society with the exposure of kids to violence through the telecasting. The writer begins by giving several statistics on force or aggression exposures to kids. The first research shows that over 50 % of kids were afraid of force against their households, which showed the paranoia among kids. Extra statistics show that about 20 % of adolescents in the US between the ages of 10 and 17 are cognizant of a individual who has been shot ( Anderson, 2008 ) . Within the last two decennaries, the proportion of child maltreatment increased by over 40 % . Violent offense on the other manus has increased by 60 % within the last four decennaries. Literature reappraisal and findings The writer so links the force in society to exposure to force through the telecasting particularly among kids. Statisticss used to associate these two phenomena explain that kids in the US reveal that an mean kid is exposed to 100,000 Acts of the Apostless of force and 8,000 televised slayings before completion of simple school. This figure doubles before they reach maturity. In add-on, adolescents watch over 10,000 hours of stone music on MTV, and this exposes them to a assortment of violent or immoral Acts of the Apostless. Research on 732 kids straight linked exposure to force on telecasting to delinquent behaviour by kids and this ranged from contending to struggles with parents. These Acts of the Apostless correlated with exposure to telecasting screening. Another longer term research by the University of Illinois made findings that telecasting wonts at a stamp age straight influenced aggressive behaviour at ulterior ages. This means that the more exposure to violence that a kid has, the more they are likely to be violent in ulterior life. Methodology The writer uses a combination of secondary and primary beginnings when carry oning research. Benefits of primary research include the ability to seek accounts on ill-defined issues straight from the writers of research. Another advantage is that organic structure linguistic communication may be used to do decisions through non-verbal communicating. Disadvantages include the fact that it is expensive to transport out. Another failing is that there may be interviewer or interviewee bias depending on the accomplishments of the interviewer. The failings and strengths of secondary beginnings were earlier discussed. Significance of findings The findings of this research are really of import to parents, instructors, defenders and the society at big. These findings show clear linkage between exposure to force on the telecasting to kids and the development of aggressive behaviour. Such grounds from research reinforces the position that kids should be protected from violent content when they are turning up and this is the duty of the society as a whole. Various methods which can be used to accomplish this aim will be discussed at the terminal of the paper. Article 3: Kid s Health Organization. ( 2010 ) . How the Television affects your kid Introduction The writers begin by giving facts about the mean clip spent by kids watching the telecasting. They explain that the mean kid under six old ages of age spends two hours daily watching telecasting, DVDs or pictures. Adolescents and kids who are aged between eight and 18 old ages of age spend four hours and two hours on the telecasting and computing machine severally. The American Pediatrics Association recommends kids under two old ages of age non to watch telecasting at all, and those over two old ages non to watch more than two hours of telecasting daily. This is because the first and 2nd twelvemonth after childbearing is indispensable for mental development and electronic devices should non impact playing, geographic expedition and interaction of kids with people around them. Literature reappraisal and findings The writers explain that telecasting is utile to kids if watched in moderateness since it exposes them to larning and researching new things. However, inordinate observation of the telecasting by kids has been linked to inauspicious effects such as being fleshy, development of fright and aggression every bit good as acceptance of hazardous behaviour such as usage of drugs. They explain that the mean kid will watch 200,000 violent Acts of the Apostless before they attain maturity ( Kid s Health Organization, 2010 ) . Such kids may copy violent Acts of the Apostless which they view as merriment. Since the good cat normally propagates force against scoundrels, kids view force every bit positive every bit long as it is directed towards the bad cat . In add-on, many plans feature hazardous behaviours such as imbibing, smoke and engaging in sexual Acts of the Apostless. Children may copy this behaviour in a command to look cool to their equals. Research has shown that kids who watch more than five hours of telecasting a twenty-four hours are more likely to take part in sexual Acts of the Apostless, imbibing intoxicant or smoke compared to those who watch telecasting for two hours or less. Methodology The writers likewise used a combination of secondary and primary beginnings when set abouting the research. These beginnings have failings and strengths which have already been discussed in the paper. Significance of findings The findings of this research are really utile since they straight link the figure of hours which kids watch telecasting to the development of aggression and other delinquent behaviours. The American Pediatric Association has recommended that kids watch telecasting for a upper limit of two hours a twenty-four hours, and those aged less than two old ages should non be exposed to the telecasting. This information is of import to parents who are acute to guarantee that their kids have equal mental development and are free from force or immorality which is exposed by the media. Summary and decision The paper has discussed three articles which assess the relationship between development of aggression by kids as a consequence of exposure to the telecasting. All the articles have linked kids s aggression and development of immoral behaviour to exposure to the media. Childs have been seen to copy what they see on the telecasting without equal cognition of the reverberations of such actions. The sum of clip which is spent watching such plans has besides been seen to be straight relative to the aggression developed by kids and adolescents. Children under two old ages of age should non be exposed to the telecasting harmonizing to the American Pediatric Association, and those over two old ages should merely hold two hours of telecasting screening. After the appraisal of these findings, it is clear that the reply to the hypothesis What is the association of aggressive behaviour in kids and violent media? is an addition in instances of aggression and immoral behaviour among kids who are exposed to violent media. This has been supported by research discussed. In order to reply the research inquiry What can be done to deter aggression amongst kids , the undermentioned steps should be taken by parents, instructors an society at big. In order to deter aggressive behaviour among kids, parents and defenders have a duty to command the plans their kids watch or the media they are exposed to. Parents should guarantee that kids are non exposed to violent or immoral behaviour since this may promote them to copy such behaviour. In order to command what kids are exposed to, movie shapers and media houses have a duty to rate the content which is exposed to audiences. This is normally a demand in many societies across the universe, and the media is expected to warn viewing audiences in progress if the content has rough linguistic communication, nakedness, force or scenes of a sexual nature. Once parents are cognizant of the content of plans beforehand, they are able to command what their kids have entree to. This will cut down the degrees of aggression among kids and adolescents in the American society, and the degrees of violent offenses will cut down in the long tally.

Commonly Confused Homophones Fir and Fur

Commonly Confused Homophones Fir and Fur The words fir and fur  are  homophones: they sound alike but have different meanings. The noun fir refers to an evergreen tree with needle-shaped leaves. The noun fur refers to the soft, hairy coat of an animal or to a garment made of fur. Examples In an area where spruce and fir mingle with quaking aspen, in a cool shady well-watered place, I discover a blue columbine, rarest and loveliest of mountain flowers. (Edward Abbey)The longing for the silences of the Cascades, the smell of fir boughs at night, the touch of the chinook as it blew over the ridges -   these longings were almost irresistible in the oppressiveness of my New York City rooming house. (William O. Douglas)The main target of the fur trade initially was the beaver, whose soft fur was hammered and compressed to make felt hats for the European gentry. (Miron Heinselman)In winter, to keep out the pervasive Low Countries chill, men and women alike donned elegant fur-lined dressing gowns that were worn over all the other clothing at home and at the place of work. (Mike Dash) Practice Exercise (a) A cool evening breeze brought with it the smell of _____ trees and wild honeysuckle.(b) Beavers need a thick _____ coat to maintain an adequate body temperature in winter. Answers to Practice Exercise (a) A cool evening breeze brought with it the smell of  fir  trees and wild honeysuckle. (b) Beavers need a thick  fur  coat to maintain an adequate body temperature in winter.

Airport Security Checkpoints Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Airport Security Checkpoints - Research Paper Example There is no single solution of SSCP design that will work for all airport terminals given the variation in designs and operational requirements. (Elias, 2009) A number of methods and technologies can be used to implement SSCP including walk through metal detectors, X-ray device for whole body scanning, carry-on baggage x-ray and explosive detection systems (EDS). Among these technologies and methods, X-ray machine for whole body scanning such as X-ray Backscatter technology proves to be efficient and convenient for passenger screening.(Elias, 2009) X-ray Backscatter is one of the best screening technologies as far as airport SSCP is concerned given that it has the potential to accomplish what most of the other technologies have failed to accomplish in terms of passenger and language screening. Even though, the technology is considered to be the closest solution to a perfect airline travel safety, privacy issues have been brought to light on the type of imaging on the passengers. X-ray Backscatter uses x-ray beam which are capable of digitally striping a passenger and in the process reveal such contraband materials as liquid explosives, ceramic knives or drugs which are may have passed undetected by conventional x-ray machines and metal detectors. (Hicks, 2010) X-ray Backscatter technology stores images produced when organic objects scatter x-ray photons. The lower periodic table elements have a high capability of scattering photons while those items such as metals absorb more photon. The technology uses this principle to correlate measure and produce an image of the scanned object. The technology has the ability to penetrate items such as clothing and baggage that are usually used to conceal dangerous objects such as weapons and explosives. Unlike the convectional X- ray machines which produce blurry images, X-ray backscatter produces clear images which are easily interpreted and

Local Community by Volunteering Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Local Community by Volunteering - Lab Report Example These goals and objectives can only be achieved when a company is able to take appropriate decisions to cope with unexpected situations. Moreover, good image among people also plays a key role in the success of a company. A good company or organization is one which not only seeks profits through providing quality products and services to the customers but also stands by their side in case of natural disasters. In this report, we will discuss how Toyota, a Japanese car manufacturing company, can work towards bringing improvement to the lives of people affected due to recent earthquake and tsunami. 2. Importance of the Event The 2011 earthquake and tsunami caused severe damages to Japan’s economy. The earthquake not only affected lives of the people living near the focal point of the earthquake but also adversely affected the car manufacturing industry and Japan’s nuclear system. Being nationals of Japan, it is one of our main responsibilities to work towards bringing imp rovement to the lives of people and to the overall economy of Japan. For this reason, we can plan to organize a function or event that will provide an opportunity for internal clients and community members to network while also raising money. As the community is badly hit by the natural disaster, the funds can go towards disaster relief center of Japan. It will also provide us with the opportunity to raise our company’s profile among the local community. 3. Overview of the Idea Being the advisor to the head of division, I have planned an event which can help us accomplish the above-mentioned tasks. The plan is to organize a car racing event in 10 main cities of Japan, which include Nagoya, Toyohashi, Ichinomiya, Okazaki, Toyota, Inazawa, Inuyama, Kariya, Setyo, and Handa. The event will be organized in December. In the car racing event, we will not use hybrid cars, rather we will introduce our latest electric cars in order to make people aware of our latest developments. We w ill specially invite our internal clients along with the community members in the event. For the collection of funds, we will use the following ways: 1. Funds collected through sale of tickets 2. Funds collected through company’s net profits 3. Funds collected through participation of rich internal clients 3.1 Usage of Funds The main intent of the plan is to collect a good amount of funds through the event in order to use those funds to bring relief to the lives of the affected people. Some part of the collected funds will be given to the Japan disaster management center in order to make our contribution in providing relief to the economy of the county. Our main is to use the collected funds in the benefits of our society. We will help our people stand on their toes once again. The event will be organized in those cities which are not affected by the disaster and where people have strong financial backgrounds. We will educate people regarding the need of their participation i n bringing improvement to the nation’s economy. The event will not only help us collect a high amount of funds but also it will help our company maintain a good image among the local community. 3.2 External Consultant The event will include all those activities which are critically important for the success of any specific event. Along with car racing, some other attractive features of the event will incl

Antigone, by Sophocles | Analysis

Antigone, by Sophocles | Analysis Antigone is a tragedy book written by Sophocles with a protagonist named Antigone who is very determined towards her only goal of burying her dead brother Polynices as mentioned in the play. At the other side full of contrast and with a different point of view is the book House of the spirits. House of spirits is a magnificent marathon of the Trueba family including their ambitions and their love for each other. In order to enable the readers continue reading to the very end of the whole book, their attention needs to be captured and allow whatever they are reading to be understood and interesting. And for all this to be done, the reader should be involved in the story emotionally ensuring that the reader is fully in the book and not to be fully lost in the story. This is where the writers take the advantage of using emotions which makes a reader feel closer to certain characters and understand each and every thing the writer is trying to portray. Emotions!! We all have different definitions and ways of what it is. According to the dictionary, emotion is a mental state that arises spontaneously rather than through conscious effort and is often accompanied by physiological changes. Therefore, in simpler terms, emotion is the language of a persons internal state of being. There are different types of emotions which may include joy, love, sad etc. There are various emotions present in both the books Antigone and House of the Spirits. The emotion portrayed most of the times in each of the books is Love. As a reader, we repeatedly see the emotion of love in House of the Spirits between Blanca and Pedro, Rosa and Esteban. The emotion of love is also present in Antigone between Antigone and Haemon. There is also brother-sister love presented in the play through Antigone and the dead brother Polynices. The other emotion present in both the books is emotion of hate. According to the dictionary, hate is defined as the feeling for extreme aversion or extreme hostility towards something or someone. The emotion of hate in Antigone is brought about through King Creon towards the protagonist Antigone. Throughout the play, we see King Creons hatred for the protagonist Antigone in one way or the other. Creon expresses his disgust for Antigone when she goes against him and buries her brother and argues back that she was right in doing what she had done and wasnt at all guilty, oh but I hate it even more when a traitor, caught red-handed tries to glorify his crimes.Such a harsh usage of the word hate emphasizes on how much he hates his own niece. Emotion of hate is also present in the novel House of the spirits. We see hatred from Ferula towards Esteban when he is chasing her from his house. I set my curse on you, Esteban; you will always be alone! Your body and soul will shrivel up and youll die like a dog. Reading this quote explains us how much other people are hurt through Estebans hate. There is also an emotion of pity present in the play Antigone and the novel house of spirits. This is represented at the beginning of the play through a conversation between Antigone and her sister Ismene. During the conversation, we get to know that the two sisters lost their father in a certain battle and their brothers at the same time and then we as the readers come to know that one of the brothers, Polynices, has been left unburied. And this makes us feel pity for the two sisters. There is an emotion of desire in both House of spirits and Antigone. Desire is a sense of jones within the mind, when the soul has a hungry requirement for a specific item. And in Antigone, we see this through King Creon desiring power. Through the play we see King Creons desire for power being expressed straightly through his words, That these two sisters were aiming at my throne. We see King Creon accusing the two sisters of trying to steal his power. And moreover his overwhelming desire made him think and believe that all the things happening are plans to gain his power. We experience the emotion of desire repeatedly in the novel house of the spirits through different characters. In the start, we feel Estebans desire to gain a better living standard to gain Rosa. Those were difficult times. I was about twenty-five then, but I felt as if I had only a little life left ahead of me to build my future and attain the position that I wanted. I worked like a beast and the few times I sat down to rest, not by choice but forced by the tedium of Sunday afternoons, I felt as if I were losing precious moments of my life: each idle minute meant another country away from Rosa. This clarifies that Esteban desired Rosa from his whole heart. After which we see his desire to rescue Alba from the government. There was also Blancas desire for Pedro Tercero and Esteban Garcias desire to be the heir of Esteban Trueba. Guilt is a powerful emotion because it makes people act differently than they normally act. There is also an emotion of guilt which is involved in both the play and the novel. In house of spirits, we all see that Blanca was forced to marry Jean de Satigny because she was pregnant and had no other option for her forbidden pregnancy and Jean de Satigny had no refusal towards this relationship because he had always wanted to marry a rich, young, beautiful South American heiress. And he knows that accepting this grand offer by Esteban Trueba would enable his dream come true and there was nothing for him to lose and just to gain as he didnt needed any personal fulfillment from Blanca and accepting the offer would certainly lead to advancement in his status. At the other side, emotion of guilt in Antigone is presented in scene 2 when Antigone is caught but she does not believe she has broken a true law. Creon also arrests Ismene, who tries to proclaim her guilt, but Antigone denies her and Antigone is sentenced to death. This is a bit where we experience the emotion of guilt. Emotions play a huge role towards seeking the readers attention. Having emotions in a certain novel or play attracts the readers attention and involves them into the story emotionally and to understand what the writer was trying to portray and understand the character traits by being in their position emotionally. Emotions used both in House of the spirits and Antigone had a grand effect on the readers both mentally and physically. The readers were able to understand each situation very well through the emotions brought about. For reference, in House of spirits, when we read on how Blanca used to escape at nights to meet Pedro, we extrapolate that they love each other basing on how they used to meet. We feel sad for the two sisters in Antigone when we read that they lost their father and both the brothers at the same time and one of them is still left unburied. Emotions enable to bring out the themes of the novel and the play hence allowing more understanding from the readers side. Deforestation in the Amazon Rainforest: Literature Review Deforestation in the Amazon Rainforest: Literature Review Go back to your writing sample from week one. Remember that it should be written as though for a university assignment. This means adhering to a structure that includes an opening statement, development paragraphs, and a conclusion. It should be no longer than 500 words long. Using Google Scholar or the search engine from your university library, search for five academic sources dealing with the same topic as the one you wrote about; these will have to be relevant to the points you want to make in your writing and support your argument or idea. Include two short quotations and three paraphrases of significant parts of the academic sources you use to support your argument. Add appropriate in-text citations and a reference list, which shows the full records of the 5 cited sources, listed in alphabetical order. Ensure that all your referencing adheres to the Chicago 16th Author-Date system. Deforestation in the Amazon Rainforest is having a devastating effect on the environment. The Amazon Rainforest is the largest rainforest on Earth. Covering an area of five and a half million square kilometres, it is composed of a diversity of ecosystems forming the Amazon Basin that drains into the Amazon River. Although deforestation can occur naturally through events such as droughts that cause many trees to die, human intervention is the most prolific cause. Rising population levels within the Amazon basin have contributed to an escalation in the deforestation of the rainforest. This is due to urbanisation and an increased demand for timber to be used in building and commercial production of items such as paper, furniture and palm oil. Deforestation has a negative impact on the local environment of the Amazon. As the forest is removed the soil loses its anchor point and it is steadily eroded, most notably during the wet season. This contributes to the instability of the remaining trees and pollution of local waterways. The physical removal of the trees removes the habitats and food sources of many animal and insect species that live there. In turn this causes a reduction in diversity of the remaining species and a disruption in the ecosystem of the rainforest. (Lean and Warrilow 1989, 411-413). A study was completed which involved simulating the deforestation of the Amazon tropical rainforest, and replacing it with pastural grazing lands. The results showed a climactic variation of a weakened hydrological cycle, with less precipitation and evaporation and an increase in surface temperature. (Lean and Warrilow 1989, 411-413). The importance of the Amazon rainforest in global environmental issues is largely due to its immense size. Terrestrial plants absorb 25% of the atmospheric carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. Carbon dioxide emissions are a by-product of natural processes and human interventions such as burning fossil fuels. Through a process known as sequestering the plants store carbon in their wood and soil. The massive scale of the Amazon and its sequestering capabilities leads to it being referred to as a carbon sink: able to slow the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, and therefore its contribution to global warming. It can only be classified as this if it absorbs more carbon dioxide than it releases. By 2015 the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide was 400 parts per million, this was an increase from the 290 parts per million level recorded at the turn of the century. (Keenan, Trevor, Colin Prentice, Josep Canadell, Christopher Williams, Han Wang, Michael Raupach and James Collatz 2016.) The deforestation of the Amazon rainforest not only decreases the quantity of carbon able to be stored, it also causes a dramatic increase in the levels of carbon being released into the atmosphere by the dead trees. According to the Global Forest Resources Assessment, Main Report (2010), worldwide deforestation releases almost one billion tonnes of carbon into the atmosphere annually. Although measures are beginning to be implemented to reduce the levels of carbon released into the atmosphere, more needs to be done to prevent levels rising to 600 parts per million-a level the world could reach as early as 2050[m1] (Daniel Grossman 2016, 635). Due to the sheer size of the Amazon rainforest, alterations to its local environment can be felt in other parts of the world. David Werth and Roni Avissar (2002) point out that deforestation in the Amazon has a measurable effect. It can cause a reduction in levels of precipitation and evapotranspiration as well as the formation of clouds. This impact could be felt in several areas around the world, that displayed an increase in the length of their dry seasons. Restoration of the tropical rainforest areas of extensive deforestation could be greatly inhibited due to this increase in temperature and dryness. (Shukra, Nobre and Sellers 1990, 1322-1325). though the numbers are not as high as the ones recorded in the previous decade. Deforestation is the second largest anthropogenic (human-caused) source of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. Brazil and Indonesia, which had the highest net loss of forest in the 1990s, have significantly reduced their rate of loss, according plays a crucial role in keeping carbon out of our atmosphere, as it naturally absorbs about 28% of the atmospheric carbon emitted by the burning of fossil fuels elsewhere According to Michael Daley, associate professor of environmental science at Lasell College in Newton, Massachusetts, the No. 1 problem caused by deforestation is the impact on the global carbon cycle. Gas molecules that absorb thermal infrared radiation are called greenhouse gases. If greenhouse gases are in large enough quantity, they can force climate change, according to Daley. While oxygen (O2) is the second most abundant gas in our atmosphere, it does not absorb thermal infrared radiation, as greenhouse gases do. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most prevalent greenhouse gas. In 2012, CO2 accounted for about 82 percent of all U.S. greenhouse gas, according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Trees can help, though. 300 billion tons of carbon, 40 times the annual greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuels, is stored in trees, according to Greenpeace. [m1]

Article “Cradle-to-cradle: the next packaging paradigm?” Essay

In his article â€Å"Cradle-to-cradle: the next packaging paradigm? † David Newcorn suggests three entirely new strategies for packaging items—strategies which may at first instigate eyebrows to rise. On closer look, however, Newcorn’s suggestions may indeed live up to one of its goals: to arrive at a packaging strategy conducive for the environment. Newcorn has three objectives in mind in order to achieve such an end: use more packaging materials, not less; design the best package possible instead of designing with the cheapest materials without worrying about per-package cost, and; ‘littering’ can help the environment. But how are these supposedly ‘environmental threats’ do the exact opposite of further degrading the environment and contribute to the crusade for the strengthening of the environment through strategic and environmentally friendly packaging schemes? In order to arrive at a better understanding of Newcorn’s suggestions, it is equally important to note that what separates Newcorn’s suggestions from the rest is that the suggestions actually target the possibilities of the future. By offering three distinct strategies which may at first seem threatening to the environment, Newcorn turns the table around by citing examples of ‘what if’s’, possible situations which have a high probability of being real sometime in the future. For the moment, however, the efficiency of Newcorn’s suggestions seems to hang in the balance for a few good reasons. First, Newcorn suggests that by using more packaging materials instead of less, we can actually save the environment from being harmed because sometime in the future there will be ice cream wrappers which turn into a ‘biosafe liquid’ or foam food containers which contain essential nutrients which revitalize the earth’s topsoil, for instance. While the prospects for his suggestion are noble, it can hardly be denied that the possibilities remain to be seen. Newcorn even admits that the possibilities are yet to be obtained. If the possible elements in the illustrations he has elaborated in his article remain to be seen, then there is little reason to believe that manufacturers of these products should immediately adopt the strategies he offers. The same goes for the designers who have the same inclinations as Newcorn. In current times, using more packaging materials or ‘littering’ the environment with these materials is only effective in theory. At the least, designers can hardly deny the fact that the current environmental measures being taken all around the world are in startling contrast to Newcorn’s suggestion precisely because the environmental problems which beset the modern societies are the result of piles and piles of garbage produced on a daily basis. What Newcorn’s suggestions give the designers, however, are insights into the future. Although the situations he has given in his article are possibilities, they nevertheless give designers a glimpse of what the future may look like. Given these brief future sketches of packaging strategies, designers cannot simply dismiss the thought that Newcorn’s suggestions are worth the efforts of being studied. Both scholars and designers concerned in the packaging sector may very well agree that there is more than what meets the eye in Newcorn’s assumptions. Technical and biological nutrients may indeed soon take over the packaging materials used in products. Science and technology are constantly evolving and are relentlessly seeking new methods and designs to improve the materials we use daily in the larger effort to preserve the environment. Recycling packages which may soon be eco-effective without the downside of degrading the quality of the packages for commodities is another thought worth pondering (Bendor, Terry and Kenneth, p. 175). Newcorn, however, may be correct in insisting that a large amount of history involving packaging materials should have to be beaten first before anything else of the efforts to resort to recycling and using eco-effective packaging materials can be fully achieved. Much of what companies do in order to sustain their operations is to use whatever is cheaper and more efficient in the market. The fact that bottling companies for soft drinks have relied â€Å"less and less on bottles and more and more on cheap and recyclable aluminum cans as containers (Banks, p. 72)† suggest that money-making ventures may find it difficult to fully adjust and align their packaging strategies according to what Newcorn’s assumptions for the future. Any designer involved in the packaging sector will think that the problems which beset the environment also have consequences on their part and to the rest of the world. Newcorn’s efforts serve as a model not only for the big companies under the packaging sector but also for the average citizen. However, Newcorn’s suggestions face the direct criticism of failing to obtain in the contemporary time which is in deep need of innovations in packaging strategies. It may be high time for designers in the packaging industry to settle down and think of other innovative ideas which will provide ways to counter and prevent environmental problems brought by wastes from packages which are also attainable in the soonest possible time. The future of the environment is indeed filled both with good prospects that are hanging and with contemporary as well as previous problems in terms of garbage from packaging materials which pose problems which cannot be easily set aside for the benefit of acquiring more profit. It is logical enough to presume that the future does not promise anything clear. Yet it would also be absurd to assume that nothing can be done to anticipate and, hopefully, resolve the current environmental problems and the future environmental hazards both at the same time. Newcorn’s suggestions may still lack its applicability in contemporary times. However, the effects and prospects of Newcorn’s suggestions are promising and may prove to be more than useful in the coming years. WORKS CITED Banks, Seymour. â€Å"The Measurement of the Effect of a New Packaging Material Upon Preference and Sales. † The Journal of Business of the University of Chicago 23. 2 (Apr. , 1990): 71-80. Bendor, Jonathan, Terry M. Moe, and Kenneth W. Shotts. â€Å"Recycling the Garbage Can: An Assessment of the Research Program. † The American Political Science Review 95. 1 (2001): 169-90. Newcorn, David. â€Å"Cradle-to-Cradle: The Next Packaging Paradigm? † 2003. Packaging World Magazine. January 13 2008. .

The Ultimate Goal For Most People - 822 Words

Melissa Schneider PHI 108 3/4/17 The ultimate goal for most people is to lead successful and happy lives. Success can be defined in many different ways based upon a person’s goals and life experiences. In order to achieve any goals, extensive work must be put forth by oneself without relying on others help. Though it seems clear to me that hard work will most definitely lead to success, some people believe the opposite. This position takes the stance that hard work essentially is not the reason for success and that outside forces that out of one’s control may overpower extensive work. The idea that hard work is not enough to succeed and that it is a waste of time and energy. This comes from the idea that hard external work is not nearly†¦show more content†¦In fact, it is very important to incorporate self work and habits into one’s journey for success but it is only part of the journey. 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